Nanoparticles (NPs) are indeed a class of materials composed of a variety of metals or non-metal elements that have distinctive characteristics and a wide range of applications in research and medicine. The biological fabrication of nanoparticles using macro-microscopic entities such as plants, bacteria, fungus, seaweed, and microalgae is a low-cost, one-step approach that is also environmentally beneficial. Biosensing, photo catalysis, drug transport, imaging, nano device manufacture, and usage as antimicrobial agents and in medicine are all significant biological implications of nanoparticles. In recent years, multidrug-resistant pathogenic microbial strains have emerged, and the majority of current antibiotics are ineffective against them. Metallic nanoparticles due to their high surface area to volume ratio are efficient against a range of pathogenic microorganisms, which has sparked scientists’ interest in developing new antibiotics. Since nanoparticles attack numerous biomolecules at once and have the ability to generate ROS, they minimise the emergence of resistant strains and thus have the potential to diminish or eliminate the generation of more resistant bacteria. The one-pot green synthesis is expected to result in enhanced antimicrobial benefits by amplifying the particular plant extract’s ability to combat microbes. This opens the door for these NPs to be used in a variety of applications, including the production of effective antibacterial agents for the management of emerging multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, leading to improved health, environmental protection, and the prevention of infectious illnesses.
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