Conditions of soybean yield formation under different methods of sowing and main tillage on typical chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia

The article presents the research results (2020–2021) on the effect of some elements of soybean cultivation technology on typical chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia. The purpose of the research was to improve the technology of soybean cultivation by optimizing its main elements: methods of sowing and tillage. The research results showed an increased number of weeds at the stage of the first triple leaf of soybean during the common row sowing, and during the beardless and shallow tillage in comparison with the moldboard plowing – by 149.7 and 139.3 spec./m². The herbicide application at this crop stage allows reducing the weed number. We established that in dry years beardless tillage and moldboard plowing increased the soybean productivity while the method of sowing did not affect the yield; in wet years shallow tillage and common row sowing had an advantage.