Stakeholders collaboration model in management of landfill ecological restoration in urban areas (study case: Urban forest park development in post-closure landfill area Bangkok)

This study aims to design a conceptual model of stakeholder collaboration in a landfill ecological restoration project after being closed more than 20 years ago. On-Nut Disposal Plant environmental restoration project is one of Green Bangkok 2030 planning toward a sustainable urban green space area and increasing the active citizen participation in urban forest park development. This research was conducted in the initial phase of the ecological restoration plan of the site. This study has used twelve collaboration elements resulting from elaborating the collaboration model by Ansell and Gash, Agranoff, and McGuire Thompson, Balogh, Emerson, Nabatchi, and Perry. Qualitative research methods with descriptive research are used in this study. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation, desk studies, and online data searches. Informants were selected using a purposive technique with 15 informants consisting of 3 local governments department, three chairpersons of the urban green space department of Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA), local companies (PTT), Social Enterprise (We Park, Big Tree), and community groups. Qualitative data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and concluding to confirm and validate the data. This study found that the model of stakeholders such as (BMA), PTT, We Park, Big Tree, Distinguish Universities, and the community should work collaboratively with their respective roles, duties, and responsibilities. Among the stakeholders, internal trust is triggered by the commitment of each actor in the form of engagement to achieve common goals. Trust between actors in determining the responsibility of each development stage. Motivation, interdependence, leadership, monitoring, and transparency also influence the type and form of participation provided in the collaboration. The core of this collaborative model is trust, share interest and goal participation, legitimacy, commitment, regulation, interdependence, while motivation and leadership are fundamentals aspects. Hence monitoring, transparency, funding, the supporting to keep the collaboration sustainable.