Diversity of water bird Ciconiiformes order at the estuary of the Lakawali river and the Ussu river in the Mangrove area, Malili district, East Luwu Regency Available to Purchase

This study aims to determine the diversity of water bird species of the order of Ciconiiformes in the mangrove forest area at the estuary of the Lawali River and the estuary of the Ussu River, Malili District, East Luwu Regency. The study was conducted at four observation stations, namely the moderately damaged and heavily damaged mangrove forest areas in the estuary of the two rivers above. The population in this study were all species of water birds in the Order Ciconiiformes found in the mangrove forests of the two rivers. Samples were all species of Ciconiiformes birds found at four observation stations. Data were collected using the explore method, observations were made with monocular binoculars and a Nikon D5200 DSLR camera. Data analysis was carried out using the Diversity Index according to Shannon-Winner. The conservation status of the species is determined based on Permen LHK No. P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018 and IUCN redlist. The results showed that there were 539 individual birds consisting of 11 species and 2 families, namely Ardeidea (10 species) and Mycateria (1 species). The diversity index (H’) in the Lakawali river estuary is 2,219, and in the Ussu river estuary it is 2,204. At the Lakawali river estuary, the H’ value in moderately damaged mangroves was 2,146 and 1,973 in heavily damaged mangroves. At the Ussu river estuary, the H’ value in moderately damaged mangrove forests is 2,033 and 1,558 in heavily damaged mangroves, all of which show the moderate category. Based on Indonesian Minister of Environment and Population Regulations (LHK) No. 106-2018 there are two protected bird species, namely Egreta picata and Egreta alba and according to the IUCN red-list all bird species are LC (least concern) or low risk. The species diversity index at all locations showed a moderate category, while the evenness of bird species showed a high evenness value.