Identification and characterization of gut microbiota of Coturnix coturnix japonica Available to Purchase

Microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract plays an essential role in the well-being of the host. Birds require rapid energy bursts to enable energy-intensive flying. The passage time of feed through the avian GIT is only 2-3.5 h, and thus requires the presence of microbiota that is extremely efficient in energy extraction. To determine the characteristics or properties of bacteria in the small intestine of quail. This research was conducted descriptively. Quail rearing from the starter phase was given commercial feed. The small intestine was harvested at the age of 50 days. Bacteria are taken from the intestine and grown on agar media. Furthermore, morphological observations were carried out with parameters (size, color, edge, shape, and elevation), microscopic morphological observations with gram staining, and biochemical tests. which consists of: (TSIA, sugar, Simon citrate, urea, MR, VP, and indole). There were 12 bacterial isolates, and 6 genera of bacteria were obtained: Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp., Shigellasp., Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus sp, and Escherichia sp. Some of them are harmful bacteria, namely Pseudomonas sp., Shigella sp., and Escherichia sp. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively.