The work at hand presents the development of 3D printed stethoscope utilizing different filament materials. Unlike the conventional stethoscope, the 3D printed stethoscope adopted the architecture, in which the tube is designed and embedded inside the bell. The bell as well as the tube and the diaphragm were printed using either polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Acoustical performance was assessed from the frequency response as compared to the benchmark stethoscope (Littmann Cardiology IV). The best performing stethoscope is obtained for the ABS-printed bell-tube and the diaphragm (Shore D hardness ∼ 78.55 ± 1.49). Evaluation from the frequency response as well as from the heartbeat recording reveals that the performance of ABS printed stethoscope is comparable to that of Littmann Cardiology IV stethoscope. Particularly, the ABS printed stethoscope exhibits a better frequency response at lower frequency whilst the commercial stethoscope shows amplification at several range in higher frequency regime.

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