Basin model study that discusses the importance of transforming smectite to illite/kaolinite as a source of changes in the brittleness of shale rock in the North East Java Basin which affect borehole stability in open hole conditions, is a very interesting challenge. The well BJN-004 is a development well located in the North East Java Basin Area where there are hole problems related to borehole stability, namely clay swelling at the upper depth interval, and caving at the lower depth interval. Based on the stratigraphy of the North East Java Basin, the source of shale lithology in the well BJN-004 are Lidah/Mundu, Ledok, Wonocolo, and Ngrayong Formations. Each of these formations has unique mineral characteristics according to its lithological characteristics, especially quartz and clay mineral content. In identifying the transformation of smectite to Illite/Kaolinite (clay diagenesis), mineralogy analysis (XRD) of drill cuttings data is carried out. The results of mineralogy analysis are correlated with lithological depth intervals, and drilling problems that occur. Clay diagenesis occurs due to the influence of high temperature and the presence of potassium in the sand-shale series. The North East Java Basin is generally dominated by shale lithology, and based on data from the drilling of the well BJN-004, it shows the presence of high temperatures starting at a depth of 4000 ft, where BHCT (bottom hole circulating temperature) has reached 1000C. The presence of dominant shale and high temperature allows the clay diagenesis process to occur in the area penetrated by the well BJN-004. From the results of the lithological correlation penetrated by the well BJN-004 with mineralogy analysis, it shows that there is a significant transformation of Smectite to Kaolinite starting at a depth of 4000 ft, which is also confirmed by the results of the MBT which shows that shale with the hard category is close to brittle, so it has the potential to cause caving. This is exacerbated by the presence of dominant Kaolinite, the use of KCl mud will make the shale more brittle.

1.
Babajide
,
A.
et al.
2016
. “
Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Shale Cuttings Dispersion in Water Based Mud WBM Using NACL, CACL2, KCL Salts as Primary Inhibiting Agents and Polymer XCD Xanthan Gum as Secondary Inhibiting Agent
.”
Society of Petroleum Engineers - SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition
1
15
. doi: .
2.
Bjorlykke
.
2006
. “
Effects of Compaction on Stresses, Faults Andfluid FLow in Sedimentary Basins: Examples from the Norwegian Margin
.”
Geological Society of London
253
:
359
79
.
3.
Bladh
et al.
2001
. “
Handbook of Mineralogy
.”
Mineralogical Society of America.
4.
Burst
.
1969
. “
Diagenesis of Gulf Coast Clayey Sediments and Its Possible Relation to Petroleum Migrationle
.”
AAPG Bulletin
53
:
73
93
.
5.
Davies
et al.
2007
. “
Birth of a Mud Volcano: East Java
.”
GSA Today
17
(
2
):
4
9
. doi: .
6.
Dutta
.
1986
. “
Shale Compaction, Burial Diagenesis, and Geo-Pressures: A Dynamic Model, Solution and Some Results
.”
IFP Exploration Research Conference
149
72
.
7.
Goulty
et al.
2012
. “
Chemical Compaction of Mudrocks in the Presence of Overpressure
.”
Petroleum Geoscience
18
:
471
79
.
8.
Jahren
.
2009
. “
From Mud to Shale: The Role of Micro Quartz Cementation
.”
Search and Discovery #
5206
:
1
29
.
9.
Jarvie
,
Daniel
M.
et al.
2007
. “
Unconventional Shale-Gas Systems: The Mississippian Barnett Shale of North-Central Texas as One Model for Thermogenic Shale-Gas Assessment
.”
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin
91
(
4
):
475
99
. doi: .
10.
Katahara
.
2006
. “
Overpressure and Shale Properties: Stress Unloading or Smectite-Illite Transformation
.”
Offshore Technology Conference.
11.
Lahann
.
2002
. “
Impact of Smectite Diagenesis on Compaction Modeling and Compaction Equilibrium
.”
AAPG Memoir
76
:
61
72
.
12.
Lahann
&
Swarbrick
.
2011
. “
Overpressure Generation by Load Transfer Following Shaleframework Weakening Due to Smectite Diagenesis
.”
Geofluids
11
:
362
375
.
13.
Mondshine
,
T. C.
1966
. “
Successful Gumbo-Shale Drilling
.”
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering.
14.
Moore
,
Duane
M.
1989
. “
X-Ray Diffraction And The Identification And Analysis Of Clay Minerals
” edited by O. U. Press.
Oxford University Press
.
15.
Nadeau
et al.
1985
. “
The Conversion of Smectite to Illite during Diagenesis: Evidence from Some Illitic Clays from Bentonites and Sandstones
.”
Mineralogical Magazine
49
(
352
):
393
400
. doi: .
16.
Nurcholis
,
M.
2007
. “
Dispersion and Flocculation of The Na-Kaolin Suspension at Different Acidities
.”
Seminar Internasional Dalam Ilmu Alami Dan Aplikasi Ilmu Alami.
17.
O’Conner
et al.
2011
. “
Geologically Driven Pore Fluid Pressure Models and Their Implications for Petroleum Exploration. Introduction to Thematic Set
.”
Geofluids
11
(
4
):
343
48
.
18.
Perez
&
Marfurt
.
2013
. “
Calibration of Brittleness to Elastic Rock Properties via Mineralogy Logs in Unconventional Reservoirs
.”
AAPG International Conference and Exhibition
1
:
32
.
19.
Petro
China
.
2015
. “
Assistance Service Geomechanical Study of Karang Mudi Field JOB PPEJ
.”
LPPM - Diponegoro University (UNDIP).
20.
Powers
.
1967
. “
Fluid-Release Mechanisms in Compacting Mar-Ine Mudstones and Their Importance in Oil Exploration
.”
AAPG Bulletin
51
:
124
1254
.
21.
Pringgoprawiro
.
1983
. “
Biostratigrafi Dan Paleogeografi Cekungan Jawa Timur Utara, Suatu Pendekatan Baru
.”
22.
Ramirez
et al.
2005
. “
Aluminum-Based HPWBM Successfully Replaces Oil-Based Mud To Drill Exploratory Wells in an Environmentally Sensitive Area
.”
SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference Proceedings
SPE-94437-.
23.
Sawolo
et al.
2008
. “
East Java Mud Vulcano (LUSI): Drilling Facts and Analysis
.” Pp.
1
6
in
AAPG International Conference and Exhibition.
Vol.
50186
.
24.
Schneider
et al.
1996
. “
Mechanical Andchemical Compaction Model for Sedimentary Basin Simulators
.”
Tectonophysics
263
:
307
13
.
25.
Storvoll
&
Brevik
.
2008
. “
Identifying Time, Temperature, and Mineralogical Effects on Chemical Compaction in Shales by Rock Physics Relations
.”
The Leading Edge
27
(
6
):
750
756
.
26.
Swarbrick
,
Richard
,
Mark
Osborne
, and
G.
Yardley
.
2002
. “
Comparison of Overpressure Magnitude Resulting from the Main Generating Mechanisms
.” pp.
1
12
in
AAPG Memoir.
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.