The role of students’ non-cognitive factors and school resources in predicting mathematics achievement using PISA 2018 Indonesia data

Many factors affect students’ mathematics achievement. In addition to cognitive factors, many studies also highlight and show that non-cognitive factors of students and school resources become important factors in influencing students’ mathematical achievement. This study analyzed the relationship between students’ non-cognitive factors and school resources to mathematics achievement. The data were taken from 9,620 of the 338 schools in Indonesia involved in participating in the 2018 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). The results of the multilevel analysis found that the students’ happy feelings, the students’ cooperation and the students’ belief were a statistically significant relationship to mathematics achievement with all positive relationships. The low quality of educational materials and teaching staff in schools were statistically significant and negatively correlated with mathematics achievement. This study showed that the non-cognitive factors and low quality of teaching staff had an important role for students in achieving mathematics.