The latest contemporary part of the graphene group, graphene quantum dots (GQDs), have piqued the response of researchers in latest years due to its remarkable characteristics and medicinal applications. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were hypothesized to provide novel or enhance existing technologies for bioimaging, medication delivery, and diagnostic detectors for disease detection. Graphene quantum dots have lately been established in a number of areas, including medicine, as antimicrobial agents, owing to their superior biocompatibility over conventional inorganic quantum dots, however the structural characteristics that lead to GQDs’ biological activities remain unknown. In this review, we have covered the various areas of Green synthesized Graphene Quantum Dots (GQD) from Phyllanthus Emblica. The constituents of Phyllanthus Emblica, along with their chemical composition are described in the phytochemistry. The green approaches such as solvothermal and hydrothermal methods were discussed for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Further characterization of Graphene Quantum dots such as XRD, FTIR analysis, UV spectroscopy and imaging techniques SEM and TEM are addressed. Finally, the latest advancements in the field of Graphene Quantum Dots (GQD) from Phyllanthus Emblicawere briefly reviewed.

Topics
Fourier transform spectroscopy, Graphene, Quantum dots, Biomaterials, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, Chemical synthesis, Pharmaceuticals, Antimicrobials, Bioactivity, Review
1.
Henna
T.K.
,
Pramod
K.
,
Graphene quantum dots redefine nanobiomedicine
,
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl,
Vol
110
, pp.
110651
, (
2020
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.110651
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
2.
Ristic
B.Z.
,
Milenkovic
M.M.
,
Dakic
I.R.
, et al.,
Photodynamic antibacterial effect of graphene quantum dots
,
Biomaterials,
Vol
35
, Issue
15
, pp.
4428
–
4435
, (
2014
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.014
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
3.
Christensen
I.L.
,
Sun
Y.P.
,
Juzenas
P.
,
Carbon dots as antioxidants and prooxidants
,
J Biomed Nanotechnol,
Vol
7
, pp.
667
–
676
, (
2011
).
https://doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2011.1334
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
4.
Robertson
C.A.
,
Evans
D.H.
,
Abrahamse
H.
,
Photodynamic therapy (PDT): a short review on cellular mechanisms and cancer research applications for PDT
,
J Photochem Photobiol B,
Vol
96
, Issue
1
, pp.
1
–
8
, (
2009
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.04.001
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
5.
Sun
H.
,
Gao
N.
,
Dong
K.
,
Ren
J.
,
Qu
X.
,
Graphene quantum dots-band-aids used for wound disinfection
,
ACS Nano
, Vol
8
, Issue
6
, pp.
6202
–
6210
, (
2014
).
https://doi.org/10.1021/nn501640q
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
6.
Trauzettel
B.
,
Bulaev
D.V.
,
Loss
D.
,
Burkard
G.
,
Spin qubits in graphene quantum dots
,
Nat Phys
, Vol
3
, pp.
192
–
196
, (
2007
).
https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys544
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
7.
Ritter
K.A.
,
Lyding
J.W.
,
The influence of edge structure on the electronic properties of graphene quantum dots and nanoribbons
,
Nat. Mater,
Vol
8
, pp.
235
–
242
, (
2009
).
https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2378
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
8.
Hui
L.
,
Huang
J.
,
Chen
G.
,
Zhu
Y.
,
Yang
L.
,
Antibacterial Property of Graphene Quantum Dots (Both Source Material and Bacterial Shape Matter
),
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,
Vol
8
, Issue
1
, pp.
20
–
25
, (
2016
).
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b10132
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
9.
Habiba
K.
,
Bracho-Rincon
D.P.
,
Gonzalez-Feliciano
J.A.
 et al,
Synergistic antibacterial activity of PEGylated silver-graphene quantum dots nanocomposites
,
Appl. Mater. Today
, Vol
1
, Issue
2
, pp.
80
–
87
, (
2015
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2015.10.001
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
10.
Kuo
W.
,
Chen
H.
,
Chen
S.
, et al,
Graphene quantum dots with nitrogen-doped content dependence for highly efficient dual-modality photodynamic antimicrobial therapy and bioimaging
,
Biomaterials,
Vol
120
, pp.
185
–
194
, (
2017
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.12.022
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
11.
Mondal
P.
,
Anweshan
A.
,
Purkait
M.K.
,
Green synthesis and environmental application of iron-based nanomaterials and nanocomposite: A review
,
Chemosphere,
Vol
259
, pp.
127509
, (
2020
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127509
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
12.
Ghoshal
S.
,
Triphati
V.K.
,
Chauhan
S.
,
Active constituents of Emblica officinalis: Part 1-The chemistry and antioxidative effects of two new hydrolysable tannins, Emblicanin A and B
.,
Indian J Chem 35B
Vol
27
, Issue
47
, pp.
948
, (
1996
).
Google Scholar
 
13.
Jain
S.K.
,
Khurdiya
D.S.
,
Vitamin C enrichment of fruit juice based ready-to-serve beverages through blending of Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) juice
,
Plant Foods Hum Nutr,
Vol
59
, Issue
2
, pp.
63
–
66
, (
2004
).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-004-0019-0
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
14.
Gaire
B.P.
,
Subedi
L.
,
Phytochemistry, pharmacology and medicinal properties of Phyllanthus emblica Linn
,
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine
, (
2014
).
Google Scholar
 
15.
Sriwatcharakul
S.
,
Evaluation of bioactivities of Phyllanthus emblica seed
,
Energy Reports
, Vol
6
,
Supplement 1
, pp.
442
–
447
, (
2020
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.08.088
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
16.
Zhang
L.Z.
,
Zhao
W.H.
,
Guo
Y.J.
 et al,
Studies on chemical constituents in fruits of Tibetan medicine Phyllanthus emblica
,
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi,
Vol
28
, Issue
10
, pp.
940
–
3
, (
2003
).
Google Scholar
PubMed
 
17.
Habib-ur-Rehman
,
Yasin K.A.
,
Choudhary
M.A.
 et al,
Studies on the chemical constituents of Phyllanthus emblica
,
Nat Prod Res
, Vol
21
, Issue
9
, pp.
775
–
781
, (
2007
).
https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410601124664
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
18.
Ankamwar
B.
,
Damle
C.
,
Ahmad
A.
,
Sastry
M.
,
Biosynthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using Emblica Officinalis fruit extract, their phase transfer and transmetallation in an organic solution
,
J Nanosci Nanotechnol,
Vol
5
, Number
10
, pp.
1665
–
1671
, (
2005
).
https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2005.184
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
19.
Renuka Devi
K.
,
Sivakami
M.
,
TThilagavathi
T.
,
Uthrakumar
R.
,
Kaviyarasu
K.
,
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract for antimicrobial application
,
Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology
, Vol
24
, pp.
101567
, (
2020
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101567
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
20.
Meena
R.K.
,
Meena
R.
,
Arya
D.K.
,
Jadoun
S.
,
Hada
R.
,
Kumari
R.
,
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Phyllanthus emblica Plant Extract and their Antibacterial Activity, Material
Science Research India,
Vol
17
, Number
2
, pp.
136
–
145
, (
2020
).
https://doi.org/10.13005/msri/170206
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
21.
Dinesh
M.
,
Roopan
S.M.
,
Selvaraj
C.I.
,
Arunachalam
P.
,
Phyllanthus emblica seed extract mediated synthesis of PdNPs against antibacterial, heamolytic and cytotoxic studies
,
J Photochem Photobiol B,
Vol
167
, pp.
64
–
71
, (
2017
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.12.012
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
22.
Ramdayal
,
Balasubramanian K.
,
Antibacterial application of polyvinylalcohol-nanogold composite membranes
,
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,
Vol
455
, Number
5
, pp.
174
–
178
, (
2014
).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.04.050
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
 
23.
Arul
V.
,
Sethuraman
M.G.
,
Hydrothermally Green Synthesized Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots from Phyllanthus emblica and Their Catalytic Ability in the Detoxification of Textile Effluents
,
ACS Omega,
Vol
4
, Issue
2
, pp.:
3449
-
3457
, (
2019
).
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b03674
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
24.
Thoidingjam
S.
,
Tiku
A.B.
,
Therapeutic efficacy of Phyllanthus emblica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in A549 lung cancer cell line
,
Nanomedicine (Lond)
, Vol
14
, Number
17
, pp.
2355
–
2371
, (
2019
).
https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2019-0111
Google Scholar
Crossref
Search ADS
PubMed
 
This content is only available via PDF.
©2023 Authors. Published by AIP Publishing.
2023
Author(s)
You do not currently have access to this content.