The article considers the problem of the calculation of retaining walls during earthworks in order to ensure safety at construction sites. The problem is related to the case of plane deformation. For the calculation, we offer to use the Airy stress function of the theory of elasticity for plane deformation of the retaining wall. We studied the design scheme of the investigated object. Within the framework of applied mechanics, we considered the sequence of calculating normal and tangential stresses along the height and width of the retaining wall. Based on the calculations performed, we showed that it is necessary to construct more gently sloping retaining walls to make the structure operate only in compression and exclude the zones of the structure working in tension. The obtained design formulas for normal and tangential stresses in the retaining wall can be used to calculate the strength and select cross-sections according to the classical formulas for the strength of materials.

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