The role of fatty acids that are included in the composition of the sperm is one of the very important things and factors in determining one of the unexplained causes of male infertility, as in this study the fatty components and the composition of their fatty acids were analyzed in two parts of the sperm fat parts, namely the cholesterol part and the phospholipid using several Organic solvents for the purpose of extracting fats from the sperm and then separating and diagnosing the components of fats and their fatty acid composition using thin layer chromatography and capillary gas chromatography, where the study included (30) a sample of semen samples of people suffering from unexplained sterility and (30) a sample of normal persons without infertility as a control group. The results of the study showed that there was a significant increase in the level of saturated fatty acids (SFA) (0.310) (0.369) in the cholesterol ester part, and a significant decrease in the level of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (0.221) (0.209), (PUFA) (0.136) (0.123) in this part of the sperm fat in people with infertility compared with the control group, and this greatly affects sperm fertility , and it depletes sperm energy. On the other hand the results showed an insignificant decrease in the level of saturated fatty acids (0.355) (0.279) and a significant decrease in the level of monounsaturated (0.248)(0.211) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (0.234) (0.126) in the part of phospholipids, which are the main part that enters the formation of lipids of the sperm membranes and thus affects very greatly the quality of the semen where they play Polyunsaturated fatty acids have an important role in sperm movement and penetration of the egg, no matter what constitutes a logical explanation for one of the causes of unexplained sterility by studying the level and quality of the fatty acids present in the composition of sperm fat

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