Background. Diabetes mellitus is the metabolic ailment related to a hyperglycemia state caused by a dysfunction of insulin secretion and insulin action (IR). DM may exist with many symptoms like polyuria, Blurry vision, thirst, and body weight loss. Sexual yeast infections frequently happen. DM causes injury to body organs like kidneys, heart, eyes, nerves, blood vessels, etc.
Methods. A case-healthy control study divided into three groups (30 newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus patients (male=20, female=10)) and (30 patients (male=22, female=18) with complications of diabetes mellitus) and also(30 healthy control (male=20, female=10) individuals) were matched with patient's age and body mass index (BMI). Fasting blood samples were analyzed for Zonulin, endocrine, and metabolic biomarkers. The results were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
Results. The result showed that Zonulin levels were highly significant (P<0.0001) in patients with diabetes mellitus group than in the healthy control group (73.56±14.82) vs. (59.90±4.66 ng/ml), respectively. Furthermore, the result showed that Zonulin levels had a significantly (P<0.0001) and positively correlated with BMI, WC, WHR, FSG, Insulin, HOMA-IR, T. Cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and TG in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. In addition, negatively correlated with HDL.C and HOMA-β.
Conclusion. The serum Zonulin level was increased in patients with complications of diabetes mellitus than in diabetes mellitus and healthy control. Zonulin direct associated with diabetes, insulin resistance, and lipid profile (T.C, HDL.C, LDL.C, VLDL.C, TG), therefore the Zonulin can be used as a biomarker for diabetes mellitus.
Impact statement. Patients that will benefit from the informationare diabetes mellitus patients and diabetic complication (i.e. eye, foot, and kidney). The level of Zonulin is an indicator of diabetes patients as to when the level of Zonulin increases leads to complications of diabetes for patients.The field of study relates to diabetics and prevents them from accessing complications that damage the eye, kidneys, and diabetic foot.
