Pharmacokinetics drug interaction study of [^99mTc]Tc-kanamycin with several antibiotics on BALB/c mice

^99mTc-labeled antibiotics have an important role in the development of new radiopharmaceuticals for infection imaging. [^99mTc]Tc-kanamycin was one of the radiolabeled antibiotics that was used for diagnosis of bacterial deep site infection. The pharmacokinetics study of [99mTc]Tc-kanamycin may be altered by a variety of drugs, disease states, and medical procedures which can have a significant clinical impact on safety, scan interpretation, and diagnostic imaging accuracy. This study was conducted to identify an interaction between several antibiotics with [^99mTc]Tc-kanamycin based on the pharmacokinetic parameters. In vivo studies were conducted on eighteen male BALB/c mice and divided into six groups. Each group of mice was treated with kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, levofloxacin, and cefotaxime. Two hours post antibiotics administration, a single dose of 25µCi/mL [^99mTc]Tc–kanamycin was administered intravenously. Blood samples was collected from the coccygeal vein in an interval of 5 minutes to 24 hours. Then the radioactivity in the blood samples was measured using the Automatic Gamma Counter. The pharmacokinetic parameters showed that administration of kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin on blood clearance of ^99mTc-kanamycin had no significant difference indicated by one way ANOVA analysis (p>0.05). The administration of levofloxacin caused pharmacokinetic interactions significantly different (p<0.05) with t1/2 β 20.11±0.92 h and increased C_max 10.86±3.05 and AUC_0-inf 20.04 ± 5.27. Administration of cefotaxime increased the C_max and AUC_0-inf values, which were respectively 11.47±1.98, and 23.90±2.85. Pharmacokinetics studies showed that antibiotics administrations before [^99mTc]Tc-kanamycin influences the pharmacokinetic profile of [^99mTc]Tc-kanamycin. The absorption rate was increased and t_1/2β of [^99mTc]Tc-kanamycin was prolonged for levofloxacin and cefotaxime groups. While administration of antibiotics kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin did not change the pharmacokinetic parameters.