The Cosmology is the study of the universe as a whole on the largest possible scales of distance and time instead of studying them individually as stars, planets, galaxies etc. In our proceedings, we will discuss some initial findings towards the geometry and expansion of the universe obtained by the statistical observation of Christian Doppler and Edwin Hubble. And we will consider the cosmological principle to study the strongly philosophical statement that for all the observers throughout the space every physical law is the same as viewed on a sufficiently large scale.
Further, it isn’t sufficient to watch the galactic movements; one ought to apply the laws of physics to explain them. So, it’ll be shown how Newtonian picture of expansion came with the mathematical model and later how general relativity actually explained the expansion of our cosmos overcoming the shortcomings of Newtonian theory. We will also have an overview on some initial models such as the Newtonian model and the Friedman-Lemaitre model which roots our basic abstraction and geometry and some important terminologies which are important to study our vast expanding universe.
There are some very simple yet important questions raised by cosmology such as: is the Universe static or expanding? How old is it and what will be its future evolution? Is it flat, open or closed? Of what type of matter is it composed? How did structures like galaxies form? After having our basic understanding of the universe we will try to answer some of these questions.
