Hemoglobin is the protein molecule that binds oxygen in the blood. Hemoglobin level can be used as a benchmark of the human physiological condition, such as anemia, hypoxia, and postoperative bleeding. Generally, measurement of hemoglobin levels is performed by an invasive method that takes blood samples to be tested. This study offers a tele-monitoring system for measuring the hemoglobin level non-invasively, so it could reduce the possibility of infection or contamination to the body and can be monitored anywhere by using a website. This tele-monitoring device of non-invasive hemoglobin and oxygen saturation levels were designed by integrating the pulse oximetry sensor with signal conditioning circuit, Arduino Uno as a microcontroller, Ethernet module, an internet network, cloud server, and website. Pulse oximetry measured the oxygen saturation in the blood that indicate the vital state of human and became essential to determine the amount of hemoglobin level. The system performance in this study was tested on participants who had a good daily exercise and participants who never had daily activities to discover the correlation between hemoglobin levels with human physical activity and obtained 89% of accuracy. This system can be implemented as a personal device for monitoring the hemoglobin level and the oxygen saturation in daily used.

1.
U.
Timm
,
G.
Leen
,
E.
Lewis
,
D.
McGrath
,
J.
Kraitl
, and
H.
Ewald
, “
Non-invasive optical real-time measurement of total hemoglobin content
,”
Procedia Eng.
,
5
,
488
491
(
2010
).
2.
WHO
, “
Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity
,”
Geneva, Switz. World Heal. Organ.
,
1
6
(
2011
).
3.
K.
Urpalainen
, “
Development of a fractional multi-wavelength pulse oximetry algorithm
,”
Science (80-.
).,
2011
.
4.
L.
Ma
and
L.
Choppe
,
“Non-Invasive Hemoglobin Screening for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Anemia
,”
60
, (
2012
).
5.
R.
Doshi
and
A.
Panditrao
, “
Non-Invasive Optical Sensor for Hemoglobin Determination
,”
Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl.
,
3
(
2
),
559
562
(
2013
).
6.
H. B.
Thakker
,
“International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research
,”
2349
,
645
652
(
2015
).
7.
M. R.
Biruni
,
“Rancang Bangun Telemonitoring Oksimetri Berbasis Labview
,”
Univeristas Airlangga
(
2015
).
8.
E. D.
Chan
,
M. M.
Chan
, and
M. M.
Chan
, “
Pulse oximetry : Understanding its basic principles facilitates appreciation of its limitations
,”
Respir. Med.
,
107
(
6
),
789
799
(
2013
).
9.
M. T. A.
Mahgoub
and
O. O.
Khalifa
,
“Health Monitoring System using Pulse Oximeter with Remote Alert
,”
357
361
(
2015
).
10.
R.
Sagynbay
,
“Pulse oximeter controlled by microprocessor
,”
Czech Tecnical University in Prage
(
2017
).
11.
U.
Timm
,
D.
Mcgrath
, and
E.
Lewis
, “
Sensor System for Non-Invasive Optical Hemoglobin Determination
,” in
IEEE SENSORS 2009 Conference
,
2009
,
1975
1978
(
2009
).
12.
O.
Daglioglu
,
B.
Mendes
,
O.
Bostanci
,
M.
Ozdal
, and
T.
Demir
, “
The Effect of Short-Term Exercise on Oxygen Saturation in Soccer Players
,”
Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci.
,
7
(
10
),
446
449
(
2013
).
13.
V. L.
Katch
,
W. D.
McArdle
, and
F. I.
Katch
,
Training the Anaerobic and Aerobic Energy Systems
(
2011
).
14.
SD.
Astuti
,
BI.
Prasaja
,
TA.
Prijo
,
2017
,
An in vivo photodynamic therapy with diode laser to cell activation of kidney dysfunction
,
Journal of Physics: Conference Series
853
15.
Suhariningsih
,
D.
Winarni
,
S.A.
Husen
,
F.
Khaleyla
,
AF
Putra
and
S.D.
Astuti
The effect of electric field, magnetic field, and infrared ray combination to reduce HOMA-IR index and GLUT 4 in diabetic model of Mus musculus
,
Lasers in Medical Science
,
2019
16.
R.
Bhatti
and
D. M.
Saikh
, “
The effect of exercise on blood parameters
,”
Pak J. Physiol.
,
3
(
2
) (
2007
).
17.
T.
Atan
and
H.
Alacam
,
“Effects of Acute Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise on Blood parameters
,”
19
(
1
),
87
93
(
2015
).
18.
H.
Mairbäurl
, “
Red blood cells in sports: Effects of exercise and training on oxygen supply by red blood cells
,”
Front. Physiol.
,
4
1
13
(
2013
).
19.
SD.
Astuti
,
VS.
Victory
,
AF.Mahmud AP.
Putra
and
D.
Winarni
.
The effects of laser diode treatment on liver dysfunc on of Mus musculus due to carbofuran exposure: An in vivo study
,
J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res.
,
2019
,
6
(
4
):
499
505
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.