Study of antitumor activity in breast cell lines using biosynthesis gold nanoparticles produced by cassava (Manihot glazovii) leaf extract

Gold nanoparticles are widely used in the field of health as a biosensor, cancer therapy, and antimicrobial agent, as well as in drug delivery systems. The flavonoid content expressed as rutin in Ceara rubber/tree cassava (Manihot glazovii) leaves plays a role as a bioreactor and stabilizer in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. This study aimed to describe the preparation, characterization, and anticancer activity of the gold nanoparticles in Ceara rubber leaf extract through high-energy biosynthesis. Gold nanoparticles were produced by mixing HAuCl₄ (Chloroauric Acid) with Ceara rubber leaf extract in ultrasonication. The characterization included visual observation of gold nanoparticles, measurement of the time for gold nanoparticle formation using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, of particle sizes using particle size analyzer, of functional group profiles using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, of morphology using SEM and TEM, as well as anticancer activity test using MTT Assay in breast cancer cells (T47D). The gold nanoparticles of Ceara rubber leaf extract changed their color from clear yellow into pink, had a wavelength of 540 nm, an average particle size of 65 nm, a PDI value of 0.44, triangular, hexagonal, and spherical shapes, and anticancer activity on T47D cancer cells through MTT Assay. To conclude, gold nanoparticles of Ceara rubber leaf extract and chloroauric acid were found to have anti breast-cancer activity on T47D cancer cells.