Radio propagation is the behavior of radio waves as they travel, or are propagated, from one point to another, or into various parts of the atmosphere. our objective takes three major aspects into account, which are to develop the maritime multi-hop HF radio propagation model, to model the HF reflection off mountains or rugged terrain and to change the model to accommodate a shipboard receiver moving on a turbulent ocean. Firstly, we begin with the method of two-dimensional sea surface simulation We choose P-M (Pierson-Moscowtz) spectrum as our wave spectrum on account of its valid and reliable data base and detailed analysis and processing and simulate sea surface with Monte Carlo method, obtaining satisfying results. Secondly, to simplify the process of radio propagation, we divide it into three part, including free space transmission, the spread of radio waves in the ionosphere and sea surface electromagnetic scattering. Besides, the electromagnetic scattering characteristic of two-dimensional oceanic surface is studied, and the KA (Kirchhoff Approximation) method is applied for numerical computation. Using the Attenuation coefficient deduced from above and establishing the electromagnetic noise model, we estimate the maximum number of hops. Last but not least, we establish the diffraction model to simulate HF reflections off mountainous or rugged terrain and modify our model considering the influence of the movement of ships.

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