Formulation of instant porridge by using natural folic acid fortificant as a complementary infant feeding

Instant porridge as a result of formulation using natural folic acid fortificant has potential use as complementary feeding (CF). This experiment activity aims to find out folic acid concentration in the best fortificant in preparation of formula of instant porridge on composition, characteristic of folic acid monomer and particle size. This experiment activity performed by using fortificants of A, B, C, and D were subsequently nixtamalized yellow dent corn (Zea mays var. indentata), fermented spinach (Amaranthus sp.) and mung beans (Phaseoulus radiatus) tempeh; nixtamalized yellow dent corn, fermented broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) and mung beans tempeh; nixtamalized white dent corn, fermented spinach, and mung beans tempeh; and nixtamalized white dent corn, fermented broccoli, and mung beans tempeh added to base formula of instant porridge with folic acid concentration in fortificants 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 600, and 800 µg/100 g (of base formula of infant porridge). The result of experiment showed that based on type of nixtamalized corn on dissolved protein, formulation optimization was achieved by using fortificants A and C at concentration of folic acid 600 and 400 µg/100 g (of base formula infant porridge). In this condition was yielded instant porridge A and C with compositions of folic acid 175.25 and 198.72 µg/mL, dissolved protein 2.09 and 1.98 mg/mL, total solids 93.12 and 97.53 %, total sugars 223.73 and 209.33 mg/mL, and reducing sugars 47.35 and 46.87 mg/mL, respectively. Compared without fortificant, this optimum condition increases dissolved protein 50.72 and 42.44 %, total sugars 22.72 and 31.03 %, and reducing sugars 74.21 and 72.44 %. Meanwhile, total solids in fortificant A decreases 4.29 %, and total solids in fortificant C increases 1.52 %. At optimum condition, identification on folic acid monomer in instant porridge using fortificants A and C were dominated by monomer with molecular weights (MWs) 442.3695 and 442.5903 Dalton (Da.). While, particle size distribution indicated particle size 1,060.6 and 1,075.2 nm with particle index (PI) 1.222 and 1.192, respectively.