In the present work, the state of short-chain quaternary ammonium salts and hydroxides (QAS) R4N+X-, where X = Cl-, ClO4-, OH-, where R = Me, Et, Bu in aqueous solutions was studied using the methods of electrical conductivity and cryoscopy. It has been shown that QAC predominantly exists in the associated pre-objective state, and their ability to dissociate is determined by the combination of association and dissociation reactions to ammonium ions. The possibility of separation of QAS by drip zonal electrophoresis has been established. The influence of the composition of the background electrolyte on the efficiency of the separation of ammonium cations was studied.
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