Nonlinear resonant acoustics was explored as an approach for nondestructively evaluating the susceptibility of -based multilayer ceramic capacitors to electrical failure during service. The acoustic nonlinearity was characterized through measurements of the dependence of the frequency of a selected dominant mode near 1.16 MHz on driving amplitude, employing direct ferroelectric tone-burst transduction, time-domain signal acquisition, and frequency-domain spectral analysis. Finite-element modeling and consideration of the symmetry of the excitation led to identification of the selected mode as the lowest-order extensional mode. Measurements as a function of the number of thermal treatments (of two types) provided evidence for increases in acoustic nonlinearity arising from thermal-stress-induced material damage. No evidence for further systematic changes in nonlinearity was found after nine heat treatments. Signals and analysis for some samples were complicated by the emergence of a second resonance in the waveforms and an apparent reduction in acoustic nonlinearity as a function of time under DC bias. The second of these effects is suggested as being associated with changes in nonlinear elements of the material (presumably, microcracks) that arise from interactions of internal stresses during domain reorientation.
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25 January 2013
REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: VOLUME 32
15–20 July 2012
Denver, Colorado, USA
Research Article|
January 25 2013
Nonlinear acoustic effects in multilayer ceramic capacitors
W. L. Johnson;
W. L. Johnson
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Reliability Division, 325 Broadway St., Boulder, CO 80305,
USA
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S. A. Kim;
S. A. Kim
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Reliability Division, 325 Broadway St., Boulder, CO 80305,
USA
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T. P. Quinn;
T. P. Quinn
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Reliability Division, 325 Broadway St., Boulder, CO 80305,
USA
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G. S. White
G. S. White
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Reliability Division, 325 Broadway St., Boulder, CO 80305,
USA
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AIP Conf. Proc. 1511, 1462–1469 (2013)
Citation
W. L. Johnson, S. A. Kim, T. P. Quinn, G. S. White; Nonlinear acoustic effects in multilayer ceramic capacitors. AIP Conf. Proc. 25 January 2013; 1511 (1): 1462–1469. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4789214
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