Progress in the development of underwater sound projectors over the past thirty years in China is presented in this paper. This progress may be divided into four parts:(I) The development of new underwater sound projectors based on new transducer materials such as rare earth giant magnetostrictive materials, relaxation ferroelectric materials and piezoelectric composite materials; (II) The design of new structures and energy transfer mechanisms such as flex-tensional transducers, mosaic cylindrical transducers, longitudinal transducers, flexural disk and beam transducers; (III) The development of new configurations that broaden transducer bandwidth such as free-flooded ring transducers, broadband free-flooded flex-tensional transducers, doubly-excited longitudinal transducers, hybrid longitudinal transducers and matching layer technology; (IV) The development of new transducer design and analysis tools such as finite-element models for complex geometries, structure and fluid coupling mechanisms. These models have been used to optimize the design of a variety of projectors including low-frequency transducers, high power transducers and broadband wide-beam transducers.

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