Phosphorescence is always an engaging demonstration. A high-energy photon source, such as a violet laser or UV black light, shines on a phosphor (screen, mineral, toy, etc.) and then the light is reemitted slowly at a color of lower energy. We notice that the intensity of the emitted light dims with time. Since the intensity of the light emitted depends directly on the number of atoms or molecules that have not yet emitted, this dimming can be modeled as an exponential decay very similar to those students encounter while studying radioactivity, but with the advantage of being perfectly safe. In this article, I present a quantitative method for measuring the half-life of this decay and go further to attempt to explain why temperature can have such dramatic effects.

2.
For a very good discussion, see
Thomas R.
Dyke
and
J. S.
Muenter
, “
An undergraduate experiment for the measurement of phosphorescence lifetimes
,”
J. Chem. Educ.
52
(
4
),
251
(
April
1975
).
3.
Mickey
Kutzner
,
Richard
Wright
, and
Emily
Kutzner
, “
An inexpensive LED light sensor
,”
Phys. Teach.
48
,
341
(
May
2010
).
4.
This effect is does not occur for nuclear decays and is a limitation of using phosphorescence as a model for radioactivity. Indeed, when I was an undergraduate at UCLA, we poured liquid nitrogen on a radioactive source and observed no change in its radioactivity or half-life.
5.
After reading many articles on phosphorescent decay measurements, I learned that the measurements are typically done at liquid nitrogen temperatures!
6.
William A.
Getz
,
Dannielle A.
Wentzel
,
Max J.
Palmer
, and
Dean J.
Campbell
, “
Erasing the glow in the dark: Controlling the trap and release of electrons in phosphorescent materials
,”
J. Chem. Educ.
95
,
295
(
2018
).
7.
George C.
Lisensky
,
Manish N.
Patel
, and
Megan L.
Reich
, “
Experiments with glow-in-the-dark toys: Kinetics of doped ZnS phosphorescence
,”
J. Chem. Educ.
73
(
11
),
1048
(
Nov.
1996
).
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