We will assume that the gas is ideal.
We will number the states of the gas as follows: state 1 (p0, V0), state 2 (4p0, V0), state 3 (4p0, 6V0) and state 4 (p0, 6V0).
In the cycle, the gas absorbs heat from environment only during steps 1-2 and 2-3. We will calculate the amount of heat absorbed during these steps.
For the ideal monatomic gas, internal energy U at any state is
calculated as:
Thus, during the process 1-2-3, the change in internal energy ΔU is equal to:
The work...
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