Some teenagers are exploring the outer perimeter of a castle. They notice a spy hole in its wall, across the moat a horizontal distance x and vertically up the wall a distance y. They decide to throw pebbles at the hole. One girl wants to use physics to throw with the minimum speed necessary to hit the hole. What is the required launch speed v and launch angle θ above the horizontal?

1.
See the “
Supplemental
” tab at TPT Online, https://doi.org/10.1119/1.5011825 , for the appendix.
2.
Compare to Eq. (1) in
H.
Van Dael
and
H.
Bert
, “
Range of a projectile
,”
Am. J. Phys.
47
,
466
467
(
May
1979
) and to
Eq. (21) in
R. A.
Brown
, “
Maximizing the range of a projectile
,”
Phys. Teach.
30
,
344
347
(
Sept.
1992
).
3.
See Eq. (4) in
W. S.
Porter
, “
The range of a projectile
,”
Phys. Teach.
15
,
358
(
Sept.
1977
);
Eq. (9) in
D. B.
Lichtenberg
and
J. G.
Wills
, “
Maximizing the range of the shot put
,”
Am. J. Phys.
46
,
546
549
(
May
1978
);
Eq. (5) in
S. K.
Bose
, “
Maximizing the range of the shot put without calculus
,”
Am. J. Phys.
51
,
458
459
(
May
1983
);
and Eq. (6) in
B.
Bušić
, “
A simple solution for maximum range of projectile motion
,”
Phys. Teach.
51
,
52
(
Jan.
2013
).

Supplementary Material

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