In this paper we present a design for a Doppler football. The classic Doppler ball uses a piezo buzzer and 9-V battery inside a foam ball. In our Doppler football, the sound level is enhanced by directing the 2.8-kHz tone of the buzzer through a hollow cylinder to one end of the football, with an on-off switch placed at the other end. We discuss our device within the historical context of Doppler demonstrations that have evolved over the many decades since Doppler's discovery.

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3.
For an approaching train at 60 km/h (40 mi/h) ≈ 20 m/s with the speed of sound u = 340 m/s, the Doppler-shifted frequency is
A pitch ratio of 17/16 is approximately the 12th root of two, which indicates a half-step (semitone).
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16.
A spherical Doppler foam ball is available from Arbor Scientific, http://www.arborsci.com (Product ID: P7-7120).
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