The ability to track flows of energy in complex and dissipative contexts is essential to understand many aspects of sustainable energy and climate change. Traditional physics instruction largely fails to develop that ability. This work argues that one plausible contributor to this deficiency could be an overemphasis on cases that lend themselves to quantitative calculation. Drawing on examples and data from a small sample of college physics students in a class on sustainable energy, it proposes that practice in semiquantitative energy tracking, using suitable visual and/or manipulable representations, can help develop students' skills in using energy reasoning in real-world, dissipative contexts.
REFERENCES
1.
R.
Driver
and
L.
Warrington
, “
Students' use of the principle of energy conservation in problem situations
,” Phys. Educ.
20
, 171
–176
(1985
).2.
R.
Trumper
, “
A longitudinal study of physics students' conceptions on energy in pre-service training for high school teachers
,” J. Sci. Educ. Technol.
7
(4
), 311
–319
(1998
).3.
H.
Goldring
and
J.
Osborne
, “
Students' difficulties with energy and related concepts
,” Phys. Educ.
29
, 26
–31
(1994
).4.
X.
Liu
and
A.
McKeough
, “
Developmental growth in students' concept of energy: Analysis of selected items from the TIMSS database
,” J. Res. Sci. Teach.
42
(5
), 493
–517
(2005
).5.
H. C.
Sabo
,
L. M.
Goodhew
, and
A.
Robertson
, “
University student conceptual resources for understanding energy
,” Phys. Rev. ST Phys. Educ. Res.
12
, 010126
(2016
).6.
L.
Seeley
,
K.
Gray
, and
A. D.
Robertson
, “
Energy cubes
,” Phys. Teach.
59
, 89
–93
(2021
).7.
R. E.
Scherr
,
H. G.
Close
,
E. W.
Close
, and
S.
Vokos
, “
Representing energy. II. Energy tracking representations
,” Phys. Rev. ST Phys. Educ. Res.
8
, 020115
(2012
).8.
R. P.
Feynman
,
R. B.
Leighton
, and
M.
Sands
, The Feynman Lectures on Physics
(
Addison-Wesley
,
Reading, MA
, 1989
), Vol. 1, pp. 4-1
–4-2
.9.
The terms “conservation of mechanical energy” and “non-conservative work” have been criticized, but they remain in common use. See
L.
Seeley
,
S.
Vokos
, and
E.
Etkina
, “
Updating our language to help students learn: Mechanical energy is not conserved but all forces conserve energy
,” Am. J. Phys.
90
(4
), 251
–252
(2002
).10.
R.
Pintó
,
D.
Couso
, and
R.
Gutierrez
, “
Using research on teachers' transformations of innovations to inform teacher education. The case of energy degradation
,” Sci. Educ.
89
(1
), 38
–55
(2004
).11.
A. B.
Daane
,
S. B.
McKagan
,
S.
Vokos
, and
R. E.
Scherr
, “
Energy conservation in dissipative processes: Teacher expectations and strategies associated with imperceptible thermal energy
,” Phys. Rev. ST Phys. Educ. Res.
11
, 010109
(2015
).12.
R. G.
Tobin
,
S. J.
Lacy
,
S.
Crissman
,
N.
Haddad
,
O.
Wentink
, and
L.
Seeley
, “
Where does energy go when it's ‘Gone’? Promoting understanding of energy dissipation
,” Am. J. Phys.
87
(7
), 569
–576
(2019
).13.
K. E.
Gray
,
M. C.
Wittmann
,
S.
Vokos
, and
R. E.
Scherr
, “
Drawings of energy: Evidence of the next generation science standards model of energy in diagrams
,” Phys. Rev. ST Phys. Educ. Res.
15
, 010129
(2019
).14.
S. J.
Lacy
,
R. G.
Tobin
,
S.
Crissman
,
L.
DeWater
,
K. E.
Gray
,
N.
Haddad
,
J. K. L.
Hammerman
, and
L.
Seeley
, “
Telling the energy story: Design and results of a new curriculum for energy in upper elementary school
,” Sci. Educ.
106
, 27
–56
(2022
).15.
M.
Kubsch
,
S.
Opitz
,
J.
Nordine
,
K.
Neumann
,
D.
Fortus
, and
J.
Krajcik
, “
Exploring a pathway towards energy conservation through emphasizing the connections between energy, systems, and fields
,” Disciplinary Interdisciplinary Sci. Educ. Res.
3
(2
), 2
(2021
).16.
B. W.
Harrer
, “
Energy-interaction diagrams: Fostering resources for productive disciplinary engagement with energy
,” Am. J. Phys.
87
(7
), 520
–526
(2019
).17.
R. G.
Tobin
, “
Simple steps to promote classroom engagement and inclusion: A report from the field
,” Phys. Teach.
58
, 316
–319
(2020
).18.
N.
Papadouris
and
C. P.
Constantinou
, “
Investigating middle school students' ability to develop energy as a framework for analyzing simple physics phenomena
,” J. Res. Sci. Teach.
53
(1
), 119
–145
(2016
).© 2023 Author(s). Published under an exclusive license by American Association of Physics Teachers.
2023
Author(s)
AAPT members receive access to the American Journal of Physics and The Physics Teacher as a member benefit. To learn more about this member benefit and becoming an AAPT member, visit the Joining AAPT page.