An upper-division laboratory course in atomic and molecular spectroscopy is described. Examples of outcomes that also benefit second-year physics laboratories and demonstrations in introductory courses are presented. The overarching goal that drove the development of the course was to assist students in understanding the fundamental connections between atomic and molecular spectra and the underlying structures. A selection of laboratory experiences supporting this goal, and the equipment and techniques necessary to provide them, are outlined.

1.
Joshua
Jacob
and
Jennifer
Blue
, “
Reform of introductory laboratories: Baseline data
,” presented at the
Winter Meeting of the AAPT
, Anchorage,
2006
.
2.
Jennifer
Blue
and
Mark
Fisher
, “
Adapting a photoelectric effect lab for the first-year laboratory
,” presented at the
Winter Meeting of the AAPT
, Chicago, IL,
2009
.
3.
Jennifer
Blue
, “
Evidence of critical thinking in undergraduate laboratory reports
,” presented at the
Summer Meeting of the AAPT
, Ann Arbor, MI,
2009
.
4.
Jeffrey
Clayhold
and
Joseph
Priest
, “
Automated heat capacity apparatus on a circuit board
,”
Am. J. Phys.
75
,
379
381
(
2007
).
5.
Jeffrey
Clayhold
and
Joseph
Priest
, “
Inexpensive high-precision capacitance measurements and their applications in undergraduate laboratories
,”
Am. J. Phys.
76
,
1167
1171
(
2008
).
6.
Jeffrey
Clayhold
and
Joseph
Priest
, “
Inexpensive precision capacitance measurement and its applications in undergraduate laboratories
,” presented at the
Summer Meeting of the AAPT
, Edmonton,
2008
.
7.
S. Douglas
Marcum
,
H.
Jaeger
, and
Jan M.
Yarrison-Rice
, “
Advanced undergraduate laboratories at Miami University
,” presented at the
Fall Meeting of the Ohio Section of the APS
, Oxford, OH,
1997
.
8.
S. Douglas
Marcum
and
Stephen G.
Alexander
, “
The undergraduate physics programs at Miami University—A case study
,” presented at the
AIP/AAPT Conference on Revitalization of Undergraduate Physics Programs
, Alexandria, VA,
1998
.
9.
Herbert
Jaeger
,
Michael J.
Pechan
, and
Daniel K.
Lottis
, “
Materials physics: A new contemporary physics laboratory
,”
Am. J. Phys.
66
,
724
730
(
1998
).
10.
Wesley
Burgei
,
Michael J.
Pechan
, and
Herbert
Jaeger
, “
A simple vibrating sample magnetometer for use in a materials physics course
,”
Am. J. Phys.
71
,
825
828
(
2003
).
11.
S. Douglas
Marcum
,
Perry R.
Rice
, and
Jan M.
Yarrison-Rice
, “
Laser physics and non-linear optics undergraduate laboratories at Miami University
,” presented at the
Summer Meeting of the AAPT
, Spokane, WA,
1995
.
12.
S. Douglas
Marcum
,
Jan M.
Yarrison-Rice
, and,
Perry R.
Rice
, “
Advanced undergraduate atomic and molecular physics laboratory experiments
,” presented at the
Summer meeting of the AAPT
, College Park, MD,
1996
.
13.
S. Burcin
Bayram
, “
Vibrational spectra of the nitrogen molecules in the liquid and gas phase
,” presented at the
AAPT Topical Conference on Advanced Laboratories
, Ann Arbor, MI,
2009
.
14.
S. Douglas
Marcum
, “
Creating, implementing, and sustaining an advanced undergraduate laboratory course
,” presented at the
Summer Meeting of the AAPT
, Ann Arbor, MI,
2009
.
15.
For good treatments of the history of spectroscopy, see
Raymond A.
Serway
,
Clement J.
Moses
, and
Curt A.
Moyer
,
Modern Physics
(
Thompson Brooks/Cole
, Belmont, CA,
2005
), Chap. 4;
or
David
Cassidy
,
Gerald
Holton
, and
James
Rutherford
,
Understanding Physics
(
Springer
, New York, 2002), Chap. 14.
16.
Newton wrote “I procured me a triangular glass prism to try therewith the celebrated phenomena of colours.” From a letter Newton wrote to Henry Oldenberg, the Secretary of the Royal Society, 6 February 1672, quoted in full in
Gallileo’s Commandment: 2,500 Years of Great Scientific Writing
, edited by
Edmund Blair
Bolles
(
Holt
,
New York
,
2002
), pp.
184
188
.
17.
Gerhard
Herzberg
,
Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure
(
Dover
,
New York
,
1944
).
18.
Hermann
Haken
and
Hans Christoph
Wolf
,
The Physics of Atoms and Quanta
(
Springer-Verlag
,
New York
,
1990
).
19.
Sune
Svanberg
,
Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
(
Springer-Verlag
,
New York
,
2004
).
20.
Gerhard
Herzberg
,
Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure I: Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
(
Van Nostrand Reinhold
,
New York
,
1950
).
21.
Brian L.
Sands
,
Morgan J.
Welsh
,
Seda
Kin
,
Ramesh
Marhatta
,
Jacob D.
Hinkle
, and
S. Burcin
Bayram
, “
Raman scattering spectroscopy of liquid nitrogen molecules: An advanced undergraduate physics laboratory experiment
,”
Am. J. Phys.
75
,
488
495
(
2007
). (The cover photo for this issue contains a photograph that shows the visually stunning result of high-pulsed-power Raman scattering demonstrated in this laboratory.)
22.
Gerhard
Herzberg
,
Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure I: Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
(
Van Nostrand Reinhold
,
New York
,
1950
), pp.
193
204
.
23.
Reference 22, p.
552
.
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