An electronic speckle pattern interferometer suitable for use in an undergraduate laboratory is described. This interferometer can be built for a small fraction of the cost of a commercial version and is simple and inexpensive to build and understand. The interferometer is useful for visualizing the normal modes of vibrating objects as well as changes in index of refraction.

1.
R. Jones and C. Wykes, Holographic and Speckle Interferometry, 2nd ed. (Cambridge U.P., Cambridge, 1987).
2.
B. M.
Deutsch
,
A. R.
Robinson
,
R. J.
Felce
, and
T. R.
Moore
, “
Nondegenerate normal-mode doublets in vibrating flat circular plates
,”
Am. J. Phys.
72
,
220
224
(
2004
).
3.
K.
Høgmoen
and
H. M.
Pederson
, “
Measurement of small vibrations using electronic speckle pattern interferometry: Theory
,”
J. Opt. Soc. Am.
67
,
1578
1583
(
1977
).
4.
A. E. Ennos, “Speckle interferometry,” in Laser Speckle and Related Phenomena, edited by J. C. Dainty (Springer, New York, 1984), pp. 203–253.
5.
S.
Nakadate
,
T.
Yatagai
, and
H.
Saito
, “
Electronic speckle pattern interferometry using digital image processing techniques
,”
Appl. Opt.
19
,
1879
1883
(
1980
).
6.
E.
Vikhagen
, “
Vibration measurement using phase shifting TV-holography and digital image processing
,”
Opt. Commun.
69
,
252
256
(
1989
).
7.
G. Å.
Slettemoen
, “
Electronic speckle pattern interferometric system based on speckle reference beam
,”
Appl. Opt.
19
,
616
623
(
1980
).
8.
O. J.
Løkberg
, “
ESPI: The ultimate holographic tool for vibration analysis?
,”
J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
75
,
1783
1791
(
1984
).
9.
D.
Findeis
,
D. R.
Rowland
, and
J.
Gryzagoridis
, “
Vibration isolation techniques suitable for portable electronic speckle pattern interferometry
,”
Proc. SPIE
4704
,
159
167
(
2002
).
10.
M.
Servin
,
A.
Davila
, and
J. A.
Quiroga
, “
Extended-range temporal electronic speckle pattern interferometry
,”
Appl. Opt.
41
,
4541
4547
(
2002
).
11.
G. H.
Kaufmann
and
G. E.
Galizzi
, “
Phase measurement in temporal speckle pattern interferometry: Comparison between the phase-shifting and the Fourier transform methods
,”
Appl. Opt.
41
,
7254
7263
(
2002
).
12.
S.
Nakadate
and
H.
Saito
, “
Fringe scanning speckle-pattern interferometry
,”
Appl. Opt.
24
,
2172
2180
(
1985
).
13.
S.
Nakadate
, “
Vibration measurement using phase-shifting speckle-pattern interferometry
,”
Appl. Opt.
25
,
4162
4167
(
1986
).
14.
D.
Coburn
and
J.
Slevin
, “
Digital correlation system for nondestructive testing of thermally stressed ceramics
,”
Appl. Opt.
34
,
5977
5986
(
1995
).
15.
O. J.
Løkberg
, “
Sound in flight: Measurement of sound fields by use of TV holography
,”
Appl. Opt.
33
,
2574
2584
(
1994
).
16.
K. D.
Kihm
, “
Applications of laser speckle photography for thermal flow problems
,”
Opt. Lasers Eng.
29
,
171
200
(
1998
).
17.
O. J.
Løkberg
,
J. T.
Malmo
, and
G. Å.
Slettemoen
, “
Interferometric measurements of high temperature objects by electronic speckle pattern interferometry
,”
Appl. Opt.
24
,
3167
3172
(
1985
).
18.
T. R.
Moore
,
J. D.
Kaplon
,
G. D.
McDowall
, and
K. A.
Martin
, “
Vibrational modes of trumpet bells
,”
J. Sound Vib.
254
,
777
786
(
2002
).
This content is only available via PDF.
AAPT members receive access to the American Journal of Physics and The Physics Teacher as a member benefit. To learn more about this member benefit and becoming an AAPT member, visit the Joining AAPT page.