Since students find it difficult to follow the discussions of ferromagnetism based on the exchange integral (J) that appears in the Heitler–London treatment of the hydrogen molecule, partly because there it clearly favors antiparallel spins and partly because the curves showing its possible variation with the d-shell radius are clearly completely speculative, it is suggested that an approach based on the molecular orbital treatment, which explains the magnetic moment of the oxygen molecule, gives a more transparent basis for discussions of the origin of the molecular field in 3d metals.

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