The reciprocity technique is used currently for primary microphone calibrations. The theory of this technique is developed in this article in a form suitable for physics students; it can be used as the basis of advanced experiments. Two types of reciprocity are first discussed. One, the electromechanical, applies to many practical transducers. The other, the acoustic reciprocity, is shown to be a special case of Green's theorem. One application is discussed. These two types of reciprocity are combined to derive the electroacoustic reciprocity constant. Finally, a method is outlined of using the electroacoustic reciprocity constant for primary microphone calibrations using only conveniently measured quantities.
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© 1957 American Association of Physics Teachers.
1957
American Association of Physics Teachers
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